#46
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FDA óòâåðäèë lomitapide äëÿ ëå÷åíèÿ ãîìîçèãîòíîé ñåìåéíîé ãèïåðõîëåñòåðèíåìèåé (HoFH) [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] |
#47
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Àëãîðèòì äèàãíîñòèêè è ëå÷åíèÿ ñòàáèëüíîé ÈÁÑ (ðóñ)
[Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] Âçÿòî èç 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] |
#48
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Âñå îðèãèíàëüíûå ñòàòèíû ñíèæàþò ðèñê ñåðäå÷íî-ñîñóäèñòûõ çàáîëåâàíèé è ñìåðòíîñòü. Îäíàêî, ïî âûðàæåííîñòè ãèïîëèïèäåìè÷åñêîãî ýôôåêòà îíè ðàçëè÷àþòñÿ. Îäíè ñíèæàþò ëèïèäû áûñòðî è «ñèëüíî» - Àòîðâàñòàòèí, Ðîçóâàñòàòèí (ñèíòåòè÷åñêèå), äðóãèå «ñðåäíåãî» äåéñòâèÿ - Ñèìâàñòàòèí (ïîëóñèíòåòè÷åñêèé), òðåòüè «ìÿãêî» Ïðàâàñòàòèí, Ëîâàñòàòèí (åñòåñòâåííûå, ïîëó÷àåìûå èç ïðîäóêòîâ æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè íåêîòîðûõ âèäîâ ãðèáîâ êðàñíîãî ðèñà). Âñå îíè FDA äîïóùåíû ê ïðèìåíåíèþ è ïðèìåíÿþòñÿ. Êðîìå ïîëîæèòåëüíîãî ýôôåêòà ðàñòåò è ïîíèìàíèå òîãî, ÷òî ýòè ïðåïàðàòû íå áåç ðèñêà. Ñðåäè íèõ Ëîâàñòàòèí è Ïðàâàñòàòèí, îêàçàëîñü, èìåþò ñàìûå íèçêèå ïîêàçàòåëè ðèñêà. Ýòè âûâîäû, îñíîâàíû íà îò÷åòàõ áàçû äàííûõ FDA AERS â ñâÿçè ïîáî÷íûìè ìûøå÷íûìè îñëîæíåíèÿìè. FDA â 2012 óòâåðäèëî êàðäèíàëüíûå èçìåíåíèÿ äëÿ áåçîïàñíîãî ïðèìåíåíèÿ ñòàòèíîâ.
Ñ ðàñøèðåíèåì óïîòðåáëåíèÿ ñòàòèíîâ íà ïîâåñòêó äíÿ âñòàëè åùå äâå ïðîáëåìû, ñâÿçàííûå ñ ïðèìåíåíèåì ñòàòèíîâ: ïîòåíöèàëüíûå êîãíèòèâíûå íàðóøåíèÿ (ïîòåðÿ è íàðóøåíèå ïàìÿòè, çàáûâ÷èâîñòü) è ïîâûøåíèå óðîâíÿ ãëþêîçû è ãëèêîëèçèðîâàííîãî ãåìîãëîáèíà (HbA1c). Ýòî îòíîñèòñÿ, êàê îòìå÷àåò FDA, ê Lipitor (Àòîðâàñòàòèí), Ëåñêîë (Ôëóâàñòàòèí), Mevacor (Ëîâàñòàòèí), Altoprev (Ëîâàñòàòèí ðàñøèðåííîãî âûïóñêà), LIVALO (Ïèòàâàñòàòèí), Pravachol (Ïðàâàñòàòèí), Êðåñòîð (Ðîçóâàñòàòèí), è Çîêîð (Ñèìâàñòàòèí). À òàêæå ê êîìáèíèðîâàííûì ïðåïàðàòàì: Advicor (ëîâàñòàòèí / íèàöèíà ïðîëîíãèðîâàííîãî), Simcor (ñèìâàñòàòèí / íèàöèíà ïðîëîíãèðîâàííîãî) è Vytorin (ñèìâàñòàòèí / ýçåòèìèá). Îòñþäà äåëàåòñÿ âûâîä - âðà÷è íå äîëæíû ïîäõîäèòü øàáëîííî, îðèåíòèðóÿñü òîëüêî íà íîâèçíó è øèðîêóþ âîñòðåáîâàííîñòü ïðè íàçíà÷åíèè ñòàòèíîâ. Ýòî âàæíî, ïîñêîëüêó öåíòðàëüíàÿ ðîëü äîëæíà îòâîäèòüñÿ ïîñòìàðêåòèíãîâîé èíôîðìàöèè â îöåíêå áåçîïàñíîñòè ëåêàðñòâåííûõ ñðåäñòâ. Íåðåäêî ïàöèåíòàì ñ óìåðåííûì ðèñêîì è íå ñòîëü âûðàæåííîé ëèïåðëèïèäåìèåé ÷òîáû äîñòè÷ü öåëåâîãî óðîâíÿ ëèïèäîâ äîñòàòî÷íî ñíèçèòü èõ íà 15-20%. Ó÷èòûâàÿ ïðàâèëî 6%, ìîæíî è îò Ïðàâàñòàòèíà èëè Ëîâàñòàòèíà, òåì áîëåå Ñèìâàñòàòèíà ïîëó÷èòü è áîëåå 30%. Ýòî áóäåò äåøåâëå è, ãëàâíîå, áåçîïàñíåå, ÷åì îò áîëåå ñèëüíûõ ñòàòèíîâ. Äðóãîå äåëî áîëüíûå ñ âûñîêèì èëè î÷åíü âûñîêèì ðèñêîì, êîãäà ñðîêè è ñîñòîÿíèå íå ïîçâîëÿþò ìåäëèòü â äîñòèæåíèè öåëåâîãî óðîâíÿ, çäåñü åñòåñòâåííî Àòîðâà- èëè Ðîçó-. Ïðèíöèï âûáîðà ïðåïàðàòà õîðîøî ñôîðìóëèðîâàë S.Grundi – îðãàíèçàòîð øèðîêîìàñøòàáíûõ êëèíè÷åñêèõ èñïûòàíèé àíòèàòåðîñêëåðîòè÷åñêèõ ñðåäñòâ: «Åñëè áû ÿ íóæäàëñÿ â ïðèåìå ñòàòèíà, ÿ áû âûáðàë ñàìûé äåøåâûé ïðåïàðàò (÷èòàé, íå ñòîëü ñèëüíûé) è ïðèíèìàë åãî äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà äîñòèãàëàñü ïîñòàâëåííàÿ öåëü». È åùå – ñèëüíûé ïðåïàðàò ñèëåí âî âñåì. «Suum cuique». [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] A Survey of the FDA's AERS Database Regarding Muscle and Tendon Adverse Events Linked to the Statin Drug Class [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] Ïðåäóïðåæäåíèå FDA «Ïðèìåíÿéòå îñòîðîæíî» íå ñíÿò. |
#49
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Äâà çàìå÷àíèÿ:
1. Ó íàñ àòîðâàñòàòèí äåøåâëå ñèìâàñòàòèíà 2. Íå äîêàçàíà îïàñíîñòü äèàáåòà, âûçâàííîãî ñòàòèíàìè, ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ "íàòóðàëüíûì" äèàáåòîì. |
#50
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Ñ óâàæåíèåì |
#51
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"...ñàìûé äåøåâûé è ïðèíèìàë åãî äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà äîñòèãàëàñü ïîñòàâëåííàÿ öåëü" íå äóìàþ, ÷òî äåøåâèçíà íåïðåìåííî äîëæíà îçíà÷àòü áîëåå ñëàáûé ïðåïàðàò. Äîñòèæåíèå öåëè ïî óðîâíþ ËÏÍÏ áîëåå ñëàáûì ñòàòèíîì ìîæåò îêàçàòüñÿ â èòîãå äîðîæå, ÷åì äîñòèæåíèå òîé æå öåëè ó òîãî æå ïàöèåíòà ñòàòèíîì ïîñèëüíåå.
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#52
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Öèòàòà:
À êàê Âû ýòî ïðîêîììåíòèðóåòå? Íåóæåëè è çäåñü íå âåäàþò? Lipid modification Cardiovascular risk assessment and the modification of blood lipids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] Statins for primary preventionWhen the decision has been made to prescribe a statin, it is recommended that therapy should usually be initiated with a drug with a low acquisition cost (taking into account required daily dose and product price per dose). Treatment for the primary prevention of CVD should be initiated with simvastatin 40 mg. If there are potential drug interactions, or simvastatin 40 mg is contraindicated, a lower dose or alternative preparation such as pravastatin may be chosen. 1.4.8 Higher intensity statins A target for total or LDL cholesterol is not recommended for people who are treated with a statin for primary prevention of CVD. should not routinely be offered to people for the primary prevention of CVD. Statins for secondary prevention When the decision has been made to prescribe a statin, it is recommended that therapy should usually be initiated with a drug with a low acquisition cost (taking into account required daily dose and product price per dose).20 Treatment for the secondary prevention of CVD should be initiated with simvastatin 40 mg. If there are potential drug interactions, or simvastatin 40 mg is contraindicated, a lower dose or alternative preparation such as pravastatin may be chosen. People with acute coronary syndrome should be treated with a higher intensity statin Any decision to offer a higher intensity statin should take into account the patient's informed preference Any decision to offer a higher intensity statin should take into account the patient's informed preference,comorbidities, multiple drug therapy, and the benefits and risks of treatment. |
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#53
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Óâàæàåìûé GIZA, âîçìîæíî ÿ ïðîñòî íå òî÷íî âûðàçèëñÿ, íî ÿ ñîâñåì íå îòìàõèâàëñÿ îò ìíåíèÿ èçâåñòíîãî Dr. S. Grundi. Ïðîñòî ÿ ýòî èçðå÷åíèå ïîíÿë íàâåðíîå íåñêîëüêî èíà÷å, ÷åì Âû. ß ïðåäïîëîæèë, ÷òî ïðè óïîìèíàíèè äåøåâîãî ñòàòèíà, â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü èìåëîñü â âèäó äæåíåðèêè vs îðèãèíàëû (à íå ñëàáûé ïðîòèâ ñèëüíîãî). Íå çíàþ, êàê â Àíãëèè, à ïî ìîåìó ëè÷íîìó ìåñòíîìó îïûòó íåðåäêî ïîëó÷àëîñü, ÷òî ÷óòü äåøåâëå äàòü ïàöèåíòó íå 40 ìã. ñèìâàñòàòèíà, à 20 ìã. àòîðâàñòàòèíà (äàæå ïóñòü ñèìâà è àòîðâà îäíîãî ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ). Íó à ïðàâàñòàòèíà ÿ ó íàñ íå âèäåë, âîçìîæíî - ïëîõî èñêàë.  ïðèíöèïå, ÿ íè÷åãî íå èìåþ ïðîòèâ ñèìâàñòàòèíà, íî êàê-òî òàê ñëîæèëîñü, ÷òî áîëüøå 40 ìã. ýòîãî ïðåïàðàòà ÿ íå íàçíà÷àë, ïðåäïî÷èòàÿ ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè ïåðåéòè íà áîëåå ñèëüíûé ñòàòèí. È çà íåñêîëüêî ëåò ìíå òàê íàäîåëî ó çíà÷èòåëüíîé ÷àñòè ïàöèåíòîâ ñ ÈÁÑ â ðåçóëüòàòå ïåðåõîäèòü ñ ñèìâàñòàòèíà íà áîëåå ñèëüíûå ïðåïàðàòû, ÷òî ÿ ñòàë ñðàçó íà÷èíàòü ñ áîëåå ñèëüíûõ ñòàòèíîâ, åñëè âèäåë, ÷òî ËÏÍÏ äëÿ äîñòèæåíèÿ öåëè íóæíî ñíèçèòü íà 50% èëè áîëüøå. Íó à ïî ïîâîäó "A target for total or LDL cholesterol is not recommended for people who are treated with a statin for primary prevention of CVD" - òóò ÿ ïðåäïî÷èòàþ âñå-òàêè ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias 2011 ã. ãäå âñ¸-òàêè â çàâèñèìîñòè îò óðîâíÿ ðèñêà ðåêîìåíäîâàíû öåëè ïî óðîâíþ ëèïèäîâ.
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#54
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ê òîìó æå íåêîòîðûå íàøè ïàöèåíòû ïðèíèìàþò àìëîäèïèí èëè êîðäàðîí, à èíîãäà è òî è äðóãîå - ñ ýòèìè ïðåïàðàòàìè íåëüçÿ ïðèíèìàòü áîëåå 20 ìã. ñèìâàñòàòèíà.
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#55
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Äà, íî è íå íóæíî çàáûâàòü, ÷òî ñàìûé ñèëüíûé ñòàòèí – Öåðèâàñòàòèí îêàçàëñÿ è ñàìûì òîêñè÷íûì, çà ÷òî è áûë ñíÿò. Ñåé÷àñ ñàìûé ñèëüíûé- Ðîçóâàñòàòèí, åùå íåäîñòàòî÷íî èçó÷åí â äëèòåëüíîì íàáëþäåíèÿ â ïëàíå ïîòåíöèàëüíûõ îñëîæíåíèé. Ïîêà èäåò íàêîïëåíèå ìàòåðèàëà, íî óæå íåäàâíî FDA âíåñëî ïðåäóïðåæäåíèå î ïðèìåíåíèè åãî ëèöàì ≥ 65 ëåò è ãèïîòèðåîçå.
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#56
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ß áû ñêàçàë òàê: äåéñòâèÿ ñî ñòàòèíîì äîëæíû áûòü óìåðåíû è ðàñ÷åòëèâû
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#57
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Ñîãëàñåí. Íî â ïîâñåäíåâíîé àìáóëàòîðíîé ðîññèéñêîé ïðàêòèêå ÿ ïî÷òè íå âèæó òåõ, êîãî ñòàòèíàìè ëå÷àò ñëèøêîì èíòåíñèâíî, è åæåäíåâíî ìíîãîêðàòíî âèæó ïàöèåíòîâ âûñîêîãî è î÷åíü âûñîêîãî ðèñêà, ïåðåíåñøèõ îêñ, ðåâàñêóëÿðèçàöèþ, êîòîðûì ïî ìåñòó æèòåëüñòâà íàçíà÷àþò 10 - 20 ìã. ñèìâàñòàòèíà, èëè 10 ìã. àòîðâà, è âñå - íèêàêèõ äåéñòâèé äàëüøå, ïî÷òè âñå îíè äîâîëüíî äàëåêè îò öåëåâûõ ËÏÍÏ, ìíîãèì èç íèõ ïî÷åìó-òî íàçíà÷àþò ñòàòèíû êóðñàìè, ñ êàêèì-òî "îòäûõîì" îò ñòàòèíîâ, à òåì ðåäêèì ïàöèåíòàì, ó êîòîðûõ ñíèæàåòñÿ îáùèé õîëåñòåðèí ìåíåå 4 ììîëü/ë. áûâàåò ó÷àñòêîâûå äàæå èñïóãàííî îòìåíÿþò ñòàòèí íà òîì åäèíñòâåííîì îñíîâàíèè, ÷òî ÿêîáû "ýòî ñëèøêîì íèçêèé õîëåñòåðèí" Òàê ÷òî ñóáúåêòèâíî ÿ ñêîðåå ñêëîíåí ñ÷èòàòü, ÷òî ïîäàâëÿþùåå áîëüøèíñòâî íàøèõ ïàöèåíòîâ "íåäîëå÷åíû" ñòàòèíàìè.
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#58
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Öèòàòà:
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#59
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Ïðîøó ïðîùåíèÿ ó ìîäåðàòîðîâ - çàôëóäèë ÿ âåòêó, åñëè ïîòðåòå - áóäó ñ÷èòàòü ñïðàâåäëèâûì
Chevychelov Âàøà ññûëêà íå ðàáîòàåò.  ÷àñòíîé êëèíèêå ÿ òîëüêî ïîñëåäíèå 2 ãîäà, äà è ïàöèåíòû ìíîãèå âîâñå íå ñîñòîÿòåëüíûå ëþäè, ê íàì ïîïàäàþò ïîòîìó, ÷òî àìáóëàòîðíîå çâåíî êàðäèîëîãè÷åñêîå ïðîñòî ïî÷òè îòñóòñòâóåò, òàê ÷òî èäóò îáû÷íûå ïàöèåíòû ïîëèêëèíèêè. Ê òîìó æå ñ èþëÿ 2012 ã. ìû ðàáîòàåì ïî ÎÌÑ (ýòî îòäåëüíàÿ áîëüíàÿ òåìà ) |
#60
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Öèòàòà:
1. Öåðèâà - íå ñàìûé ñèëüíûé.  ÷åì èìåííî êðèòåðèé ñèëû? 2. Öåðèâà - íå ñàìûé òîêñè÷íûé, òàêîãî äîêàçàíî íå áûëî. 3. Ðîçóâà - íå ñàìûé ñèëüíûé. Åñëè áðàòü òîëüêî âëèÿíèå íà õîëåñòåðèí, òî ñàìûé "ñèëüíûé" íà ñåãîäíÿ - ïèòàâàñòàòèí. Åñëè åãî íåò â ÐÔ, òî ýòî íå îòìåíÿåò åãî ñèëó. 4. Ðîçóâàñòàòèí óæå õîðîøî èçó÷åí. 5. Ñòàòèíîôîáèÿ ïðèñóùà òîëüêî ïðîñòðàíñòâó ÑÍÃ. Çàïàä ñêëîíÿåòñÿ ê àãðåññèâíîìó ïîäõîäó â ñíèæåíèè õîëåñòåðèíà. Ëåò 10-20 íàçàä îòêðûòèå ñòàòèíîâ óæå ñðàâíèëè ñ îòêðûòèåì àíòèáèîòèêîâ, òåì áîëåå, ÷òî ïåðâûå ñòàòèíû è áûëè ïî÷òè àíòèáèîòèêàìè... Íà ìîé âçãëÿä ñèëà âî âëèÿíèè íà ïðîãíîç, ÷òî íå âñåãäà îäíîçíà÷íî êîððåëèðóåò ñ ñèëîé âëèÿíèÿ íà õîëåñòåðèí, à òàêæå ñ íàëè÷èåì èëè îòñóòñòâèåì ïîáî÷íûõ äåéñòâèé.
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Àëåêñàíäð Èâàíîâè÷ ñ ïîæåëàíèÿìè êðåïêîãî çäîðîâüÿ |