#631
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Èíôåêöèîííàÿ ýðèòåìà.
Ñ ó÷åòîì ëåéêîöèòîçà B. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy should be given. |
#632
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350 thousand platelets per microliter (µL)
Äîëæíî áûòü òàì îïå÷àòêà. Ëåéêîöèòû òîæå äîëæíû áûòü â íîðìå. Ïðîøó ïðîùåíèÿ. Íå çàìåòèëà. |
#633
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 íîðìå - çíà÷èò êðàñíóõà .
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#634
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Äà íåò, âñå-òàêè èíôåêöèîííàÿ ýðèòåìà. À êàêîé îòâåò?
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#635
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Íî äëÿ êðàñíóõè íå õàðàêòåðåí ñòîëü äëèòåëüíûé ïðîäðîì, ñûïü ïðè êðàñíóõå îáû÷íî íå çóäèò. Ìíå êàæåòñÿ, ñêîðåå âñåãî, èíôåêöèîííàÿ ýðèòåìà.
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#636
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Åñëè ëåéêîöèòû â íîðìå, äåâî÷êà çàâòðà áóäåò çäîðîâà è â øêîëó ïîéäåò! D. She should return to school after this office visit
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#637
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The correct answer is D. This patient has the classic symptoms of an erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), which is an infection caused by Parvovirus B19. Patients with this disease are only infectious before the onset of the rash, during the period with the nonspecific febrile illness. The virus typically only causes a significant, severe illness in individuals with sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies. In rare cases, has parvovirus, during pregnancy, been associated with fetal hydrops and death. But as stated earlier, this patient can go back to school because she is no longer contagious.
Droplet precautions used to prevent the spread of infection (choice A), is unnecessary at this stage in the disease because this patient is no longer infectious. Droplet precautions are used in hospitals for those caring for patients with diseases that are transmitted through droplets containing microorganisms. They are used to prevent the host from catching the infection if the infected patient coughs or sneezes on them or during procedures such as suctioning or bronchoscopy. Droplet precautions require a mask if within 3 feet of the patient and or in a private room. In addition to standard precautions, parvovirus B19 requires droplet precautions for those caring for these hospitalized patients. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (choice B) is given to immunocompromised patients with chronic parvovirus infection. Supportive care is all that is indicated for this patient. Since this patient is no longer infectious, it is incorrect to say that pregnant women should not have contact with this patient (choice C). Parvovirus B19 is associated with thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and red blood cell aplasia usually in patients with sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies. Transfusions are used in these patients with aplastic crises. Transfusions are not routinely given in previously healthy children who have parvovirus B19 infection to prevent aplastic crises. Since this patient's complete blood count is normal, she should NOT be given a blood transfusion to prevent an aplastic crisis (choice E). |
#638
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You are seeing a 41-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis in your office for a follow-up visit after a recent upper endoscopy showed significant lower esophageal varices. His current medications include a multivitamin, folate, and thiamine. While he strongly denies any continued alcohol use, you are suspicious that he is still drinking. His blood pressure is 100/63 mmHg, pulse is 98/min, and respirations are 21/min. Physical examination shows a slightly protuberant abdomen. Given his varices, you are concerned about an upper gastrointestinal bleed, especially in the setting of continued alcohol use. Given this concern, the most appropriate pharmacotherapy to add to his treatment regimen is
A. aspirin B. atorvastatin C. isosorbide mononitrate D. nadolol E. warfarin |
#639
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Öèòàòà:
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#640
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Áåòà-áëîêàòîðû ñ áåòà-2 àêòèâíîñòüþ ïîëîæèòåëüíî âëèÿþò íà ìåõàíèçìû ïîâûøåíèÿ äàâëåíèÿ â ïîðòàëüíîé ñèñòåìå, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî ñíèæàþò âåðîÿòíîñòü ðàçâèòèÿ êðîâîòå÷åíèÿ èç âàðèêîçíî ðàñøèðåííûõ âåí ïèùåâîäà.
Îòâåò. D |
#641
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Äà, íåñåëåêòèâíûå áåòà-áëîêè ñíèæàþò äàâëåíèå â ñèñòåìå âîðîòíîé âåíû. Õîòÿ íåäàâíî ÷èòàë â New England Journal of Medicine èññëåäîâàíèå, â êîòîðîì, òèìîëîë íå ïîâëèÿë íà ÷àñòîòó âîçíèêíîâåíèÿ êðîâîòå÷åíèé èç âàðèêîçíî ðàñøèðåííûõ âåí ïèùåâîäà ïðè öèððîçå ïå÷åíè.
Ïàöèåíò, ñóäÿ ïî âñåìó, ïðîäîëæàåò âûïèâàòü, ïîýòîìó ëó÷øå íàçíà÷èòü íèòðàòû, íåìåòàáîëèçèðóìûå â ïå÷åíè. C. isosorbide mononitrate! |
#642
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Öèòàòà:
ÕèòðÎ! À ìû êàê-òî âñå àíàïðèëèíîì . Îðèåíòèðóåìñÿ ïî NEJM îò 1991 ãîäà, ãäå îíî ñíèæàåò íà 50% ðèñê. Ìîæíî ê íèì íèòðàòû ÄÎÁÀÂËßÒÜ (Ëàíöåò). Õîòÿ êàê çíàòü, ìîæåò áûòü è íîâüå... |
#643
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Ìíå êàæåòñÿ, ÷òî àëêîãîëü áîëüøå âçàèìîäåéñòâóåò ñ áåòà-áëîêåðàìè, ÷åì ñ íèòðàòàìè. Ýòî âñåãî ëèøü ìî¸ ñóáúåêòèâíîå âïå÷àòëåíèå. Ïîêà ÿ íå íàøåë ïîäòâåðæäåíèÿ ýòîìó ôàêòó â ëèòåðàòóðå. Ïðîäîëæàþ ïîèñê....
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#644
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Öèòàòà:
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#645
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Áåòà-áëîêè ýòî, áåçóñëîâíî, ïðåïàðàòû ïåðâîãî ðÿäà ïðè ëå÷åíèè ïîðòàëüíîé ãèïåðòåíçèè. Report of the Baveno IV Consensus Workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension îïóáëèêîâàí â Journal of Hepatology â 2005. Öèòàòà: Isosorbide mononitrate administered alone must not be used!
Îäíàêî, ìíå êàæåòñÿ íàìåê íà òî, ÷òî ïàöèåíò ïðîäîëæàåò ïüÿíñòâîâàòü èìååò êàêîå-òî îòíîøåíèå ê âûáîðó ïðàâèëüíîãî îòâåòà. ß íå íàøåë èíôîðìàöèè î òîì ñ ÷åì îïàñíåå êîìáèíèðîâàòü àëêîãîëü, ñ áåòà-áëîêàìè èëè ñ íèòðàòàìè. Îòâåò, ñêîðåå âñåãî, áóäåò - D. |