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Diphtheria - Ukraine: (DON)
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A ProMED-mail post
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International Society for Infectious Diseases
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Date: Thu 17 Jul 2008
Source: Media International Group (MIG) News
[in Russian, trans. & summ. by Mod.NR, edited]
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A total of 7 cases of diphtheria and 8 carriers of toxigenic strains have been registered in Donetsk this year [2008]. The epidemic situation is especially bad in the city of Makeevka, where 5 cases of diphtheria and 5 carriers have been registered. One of the patients, a 5-year-old child, died from diphtheria in this city. The head sanitary doctor underlined that the number of people declining vaccination has increased, which has contributed to the development of the epidemic.

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Communicated by:
ProMED-RUS
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[When ProMED-mail last reported on diphtheria in Ukraine in 1996 (see ProMED archive below), Ukraine had 'among the highest diphtheria incidence in the world'. In the early 1990's, a diphtheria epidemic emerged in the Newly
Independent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union, which was attributed to disruption of vaccine supply and economic difficulties associated with the dissolution of the Soviet Union ( [Ссылки доступны только зарегистрированным пользователям ]).
At the time, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported one probable case of diphtheria acquired in 1994 by a 22-year-old American while working in Ukraine where the disease was epidemic
( [Ссылки доступны только зарегистрированным пользователям ]).
In 1995 and 1996, as a result of concerted national and international efforts, the NIS raised adult and childhood coverage and began to control the epidemic, although over 2700 cases were still reported in 1998
( [Ссылки доступны только зарегистрированным пользователям ]).

A risk of diphtheria infection remains in all countries of the former Soviet Union. The CDC advises that to minimize the risk for diphtheria, all US residents should be up-to-date for diphtheria vaccination, regardless of whether they plan international travel, and travelers to areas with endemic diphtheria or outbreaks should consult their medical providers to ensure they are adequately vaccinated. - Mod.ML

Countries which have reported diphtheria in recent years include Tanzania, Nigeria & some other parts of Africa, Afghanistan, Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, Belarus, Ukraine, the 5 Central Asian Republics (Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan & Turkmenistan), the Baltic States (Lithuania, Latvia & Estonia), India, Indonesia, Laos, Thailand, & Paraguay -- see ProMED archives. Adequately vaccinated means, for adults, according to the CDC: "Adults 19?64 years of age should receive a single dose of Tdap (ADACEL) to replace a single dose of Td for active booster immunization against tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis, if they received their last dose of Td more than 10 years earlier and have not previously received a dose of Tdap. Replacing one dose of Td with Tdap should reduce the morbidity associated with pertussis in adults and may reduce the risk of transmitting pertussis to persons at increased risk for pertussis and its complications. Tdap is not licensed or recommended for adults 65 years of age and older, who should receive Td instead."
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Donetsk province and the city of Makeevka (Makiyivka) in eastern Ukraine can be located on the map at
[Ссылки доступны только зарегистрированным пользователям ]. - CopyEd.MJ]