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Ðåöèäèâèðóþùèé ãíîéíûé ìåíèíãèò çà òåêóùóþ ãîñïèòàëèçàöèþ
Óâàæàåìûå êîëëåãè! Âñòðåòèëèñü ñ íåîáû÷íûì ñëó÷àåì òå÷åíèÿ ãíîéíîãî ìåíèíãèòà. Î÷åíü èíòåðåñíî Âàøå ìíåíèå. Áîëüíîé Þ., 28 ëåò, ïîñòóïèë â èíôåêöèîííóþ êëèíèêó 05.08.11 ñ æàëîáàìè íà îáùóþ ñëàáîñòü, ëèõîðàäêó äî 39,5Ñ, îçíîá, 2-õ êðàòíóþ ðâîòó, áîëè â ãîðëå, óñèëèâàþùèåñÿ ïðè ãëîòàíèè. Àíàìíåñòè÷åñêè: çàáîëåë îñòðî 01.08.11, êîãäà ïîÿâèëèñü áîëè â ãîðëå, ñ 02.08.11 - ñóáôåáðèëüíàÿ òåìïåðàòóðà, ñ 04.08.11 áîëè â ãîðëå óñèëèëèñü, ëèõîðàäêà äî 38,5 Ñ, íà ìèíäàëèíàõ - ôîëëèêóëÿðíûå íàëåòû, 05.04 - ëèõîðàäêà äî 39,5 Ñ, 2-õ êðàòíàÿ ðâîòà. ÑÏ äîñòàâëåí â ñòàöèîíàð ñ äèàãíîçîì: Îñòðûé òîíçèëëèò. Ïðè îáúåêòèâíîì îñìîòðå âûÿâëåíî íàëè÷èå ôîëëèêóëÿðíîãî òîíçèëëèòà, à òàêæå âûðàæåííûå ìåíèíãåàëüíûå ñèìïòîìû (ðèãèäíîñòü çàòûëî÷íûõ ìûøö, ñèìïòîì Êåðíèãà). 05.08.11 áîëüíîìó ïðîèçâåäåíà ëþìáàëüíàÿ ïóíêöèÿ, ëèêâîð áåñöâåòíûé, ïðîçðà÷íûé, öèòîç 392, 95% - íåéòðîôèëû, 5% - ëèìôîöèòû, 4,5 áåëîê, ðåàêöèÿ Ïàíäè +++, ãëþêîçà 3,4. Âûñòàâëåí äèàãíîç: Ãíîéíûé ìåíèíãèò. Íàçíà÷åí àíòèáàêòåðèàëüíûé ïðåïàðàò: öåôòðèàêñîí 2,0 ã Õ 2 ðàçà â äåíü â/ì ñ 05.08 ïî 15.08.11, äåãèäðàòàöèîííàÿ òåðàïèÿ. Êëèíè÷åñêè ñîñòîÿíèå áîëüíîãî óëó÷øèëîñü, ñ 08.08.11 íå ëèõîðàäèë, 15.08 ñîñòîÿíèå ðàñöåíèâàëîñü êàê óäîâëåòâîðèòåëüíîå, æàëîá áîëüíîé íå ïðåäúÿâëÿë, ìåíèíãåàëüíûõ çíàêîâ íå áûëî. 15.08.11 âûïîëíÿåòñÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ËÏ: ëèêâîð áåñöâåòíûé, ïðîçðà÷íûé, öèòîç 48, 43 - ëèìôîöèòà, 5 - íåéòðîôèëîâ, áåëîê 1,44, ãëþêîçà 2,9, ðåàêöèÿ Ïàíäè ++. ÀÁÒ ïðåêðàùàåòñÿ.  òîò æå äåíü âå÷åðîì ôèêñèðóåòñÿ ïîäúåì òåìïåðàòóðû äî 37,2Ñ. Âå÷åðîì 19.08.11 ïîäúåì òåìïåðàòóðû äî 38,2 Ñ, ãîëîâíàÿ áîëü, ðâîòà, âíîâü ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ ðèãèäíîñòü çàòûëî÷íûõ ìûøö è ñèìïòîì Êåðíèãà. 20.08.11 áîëüíîé ïóíêòèðóåòñÿ, ëèêâîð ñëàáî æåëòîâàòûé, ìóòíûé, öèòîç 598, íåéòðîôèëû 79%, ëèìôîöèòû 26%, ìàêðîôàãè 4%, áåëîê 3,6, ãëþêîçà 2,7, ðåàêöèÿ Ïàíäè +++. 20.08.11 íàçíà÷åí àíòèáàêòåðèàëüíûé ïðåïàðàò Òèâàìåð (ìåðîïåíåì) 2,0 ã Õ 3 ðàçà â äåíü â/â. Ñ 20.08.11 ñîñòîÿíèå áîëüíîãî óëó÷øàåòñÿ, ãîëîâíàÿ áîëü, ìåíèíãåàëüíûå ñèìïòîìû ðàçðåøàþòñÿ, íå ëèõîðàäèò. 25.08.11 â ñâÿçè ñ ïðîáëåìàìè ñ íàëè÷èåì ïðåïàðàòà Òèâàìåð áîëüíîé ïåðåâîäèòñÿ íà ïðåïàðàò îòå÷åñòâåííîãî ïðîèçâîäñòâà ìåðîïåíåì ïî 2,0 ã Õ 3 ðàçà â äåíü â/â. Âå÷åðîì 25.08.11 òåìïåðàòóðà 37,4 Ñ. Ñóáôåáðèëüíàÿ òåìïåðàòóðà ïî âå÷åðàì ñîõðàíÿëàñü ñ 25.08 ïî 30.08, æàëîá ïðè ýòîì áîëüíîé íå ïðåäúÿâëÿë, ãîëîâíàÿ áîëü íå áåñïîêîèëà, ìåíèíãåàëüíûå ñèìïòîìû íå îïðåäåëÿëèñü. 31.08 â îáåä ïîÿâèëàñü ãîëîâíàÿ áîëü, âå÷åðîì ëèõîðàäêà äî 38,4 Ñ. 01.09 âíîâü âûïîëíåíà ëþìáàëüíàÿ ïóíêöèÿ: ëèêâîð áåëåñîâàòûé, ìóòíûé, öèòîç 716, 75% íåéòðîôèëîâ, 23% ëèìôîöèòîâ, 2% ìàêðîôàãè, áåëîê 5,88, Ïàíäè++++. Ñìåíà àíòèáàêòåðèàëüíîé òåðàïèè íà ëèíåçîëèä (çèâîêñ) ïî 600 ìã Õ 2 ðàçà â ñóòêè â/â + öåôåïèì ïî 2,0 ã Õ 2 ðàçà â ñóòêè â/â, êîòîðàÿ è ïðîäîëæàåòñÿ â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ. Ñîñòîÿíèå áîëüíîãî âíîâü óëó÷øèëîñü, ñ 01.09.11 íå ëèõîðàäèò óòðîì è âå÷åðîì.  íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ ãîëîâíîé áîëè íåò, ìåíèãåàëüíûå çíàêè ñëàáîïîëîæèòåëüíûå, â îñòàëüíîì íåâðîëîãè÷åñêèé ñòàòóñ áåç îñîáåííîñòåé. Îáñëåäîâàíèÿ: ÎÀÊ 05.08.11: ëåéêîöèòû 15,8, ýðèòðîöèòû 5,15, Hb 157, òðîìáîöèòû 198, ô-ëà: ý - 1, ï - 13, ñ - 80, ë - 3, ì - 3, ÑÎÝ - 18; îò 21.08.11: ëåéêîöèòû 7,2, ýðèòðîöèòû 4,74, Hb 134, òðîìáîöèòû 215, ý - 3, ï - 8, ñ - 51, ë - 37, ì - 1, ÑÎÝ - 10; îò 01.09.11: ëåéêîöèòû 6,0, ýðèòðîöèòû 5,26, Hb 147, òðîìáîöèòû 194, á - 2, ï - 9, ñ - 37, ë - 51, ÑÎÝ - 8; îò 05.09.11: ëåéêîöèòû 8,2, ýðèòðîöèòû 5,28, Hb 151, òðîìáîöèòû 274, ý -2, ï - 4, ñ - 24, ë - 60, ì - 8, ÑÎÝ - 15. ÎÀÌ 05.08.11: óä.âåñ 1021, á - íåò, ãë - ïîëîæ., ëåéê. 4-7, ýð. 0-1, áàêòåðèè ++; îò 30.08.11: óä. âåñ 1019, á - 0,222 ã/ë, ãë - íåò, ëåéê. 1-2, ýð. èçì. 1-2; îò 02.09.11: óä. âåñ 1028, á - 0,55 ã/ë, ýð. 0-1-2 (èçì), ëåéê. 2-3. ÁÀÊ îò 09.08.11: ãë - 5,96, áèëèðóáèí îáùèé 12,17, ïðÿìîé 2,1, ÀËÒ 42,7, ÀÑÒ 49,3, ÃÃÒÏ 69,9, êðåàòèíèí 110, ìî÷åâèíà 4,4, ÑÐÁ îòðèöàòåëüíûé, êàëèé 4,35, íàòðèé 138,3, õëîð 109,6; îò 02.09.11: ãëþêîçà 5,77, ìî÷åâèíà 4,26, îáùèé áèëèðóáèí 11,48, ïðÿìîé 2,85, ÀËÒ 196,8, ÀÑÒ 83,8, êðåàòèíèí 66, ÑÐÁ 10 . Áàêïîñåâ èç íîñîãëîòêè íà ìåíèíãîêîêê îò 08.08.11 ¹ 2 - îòðèöàòåëüíûé. Êðîâü íà ñòåðèëüíîñòü îò 11.08, 12.08, 27.08 - ñòåðèëüíî. Òîëñòàÿ êàïëÿ êðîâè íà ìåíèíãîêîêê îò 09.08 - îòðèöàòåëüíî. ÏÖÐ ëèêâîðà îò 05.05.11: M.tuberculosis, N.meningitidis, H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae - ÄÍÊ íå îáíàðóæåíà. ÏÖÐ êðîâè îò 09.08.11: N.meningitidis, H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae - ÄÍÊ íå îáíàðóæåíà, îò 20.08.11: ÂÏà 1/2, ÂÝÁ, ÖÌ - ÄÍÊ íå îáíàðóæåíà, ýíòåðîâèðóñû - ÐÍÊ íå îáíàðóæåíà. ÈÔÀ ÂÈ× îò 05.05.11: îòðèöàòåëüíûé. Áàêïîñåâ ëèêâîðà îò 01.09.11: â ðàáîòå, ïðåäâàðèòåëüíî ðîñòà íåò. Ðåíòãåíîãðàôèÿ ÏÏÍ è ÎÃÊ îò 09.08.11: áåç ïàòîëîãèè, ýõîêàðäèîãðàôÿ îò 29.08.11: ÏÌÊ 1 ñò (4 ìì) ñ ìèòðàëüíîé ðåãóðãèòàöèåé 1 ñòåïåíè. Ïîëîñòè ñåðäöà íå ðàñøèðåíû. Îáùàÿ ñîêðàòèòåëüíàÿ ôóíêöèÿ ìèîêàðäà â íîðìå, ÌÐÒ ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà îò 09.08.11 è 24.08.11: áåç ïàòîëîãèè, ÊÒ ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà îò 02.09.11: âûðàæåííûõ ïàòîëîãè÷åñêèõ èçìåíåíèé â ãîëîâíîì ìîçãå, ÏÏÍ íå âûÿâëåíî. Ëåâîñòîðîííèé ìàñòîèäèò íå óáåäèòåëåí (â îïèñàíèè: ÿ÷åéêè îáîèõ ñîñöåâèäíûõ îòðîñòêîâ ïíåâìàòèçèðîâàíû, êîñòíûå ñòðóêòóðû áåç ïðèçíàêîâ ñêëåðîçà. Ñëåâà íèæíèå òðè ÿ÷åéêè îäíîðîäíî çàïîëíåíû (õàðàêòåð ñîäåðæèìîãî?, ãíîé?, èíäèâèäóàëüíàÿ íîðìà?) áåç ãîðèçîíòàëüíûõ óðîâíåé è ïðèçíàêîâ ïåðåñòðîéêè êîñòíîé ñòðóêòóðû, ÓÇÈ ÎÁÏ îò 06.09.11: áåç ýõîïàòîëîãèè, ÝÊà îò 06.08: áåç ïàòîëîãèè. 07.09.11 çàïëàíèðîâàíî ÌÐÒ ñïèííîãî ìîçãà íà óðîâíå Th8-S1 äëÿ èñêëþ÷åíèÿ ýïèäóðèòà (õîòÿ êëèíè÷åñêè äàííûå çà ýïèäóðèò îòñóòñòâóþò). Îñìîòð îòîðèíîëàðèíãîëîãà îò 06.09.11: êëèíè÷åñêèõ äàííûõ çà íàëè÷èå ËÎÐ-ïàòîëîãèè íå âûÿâëåíî, îêóëèñòà îò 02.08.11: ìèîïèÿ âûñîêîé ñòåïåíè, îñëîæíåííàÿ õîðèîðåòèíèòîì îáîèõ ãëàç. Òåïåðü âîïðîñû äëÿ îáñóæäåíèÿ: 1) äàëüíåéøèé ïîèñê âîçìîæíîãî î÷àãà - ÷òî âîçìîæíî ìû óïóñêàåì? êàêèå äîïîëíèòåëüíûå èññëåäîâàíèÿ íåîáõîäèìû? 2) ïðåäïîëàãàåìûé âîçáóäèòåëü (ñ ó÷åòîì áûñòðîãî îòâåòà íà ïðîâîäèìóþ àíòèáàêòåðèàëüíóþ òåðàïèþ)? |
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...î÷åíü ïîõîæå íà ïíåâìîêîêê, èñêàòü îïîðîæíåíèÿ ìèêðîàáñöåññîâ, ëèêâîðåþ, ïîâòîðèòü ÌÐÒ, åùå ðàç ïîïèòü ÷àé ñ ËÎÐ
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Ïîêà èíôåêöèîíèñòû è êëèíåöèñòû íå ïîäîøëè, ìîæåò ñòàüÿáóäåò èíòåðåñíîé:[Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] Episodes of recurrent meningitis fall into 2 groups: recurrent bacterial meningitis, and recurrent episodes of nonpurulent meningitis. Symptomatology and cerebrospinal fluid changes in recurrent bacterial meningitis are those typical of bacterial meningitis in general. Symptoms in recurrent nonpurulent meningitis are much more variable, and cerebrospinal fluid may contain lymphocytes, neutrophils, or a mixed pleocytosis. Recurrent bacterial meningitis did not exist as a clinical entity prior to the advent of antibiotics because a single episode of meningitis was almost invariably fatal. Up to 9% of patients surviving acute bacterial meningitis may go on to have further episodes (Durand et al 1993). In children, recurrent bacterial meningitis is associated with congenital defects of the middle ear or with persistent dermal sinuses along the spinal column. In adults, recurrent episodes of bacterial meningitis are most commonly associated with traumatic defects at the skull base (Adriani et al 2007). In a minority of cases, recurrent bacterial meningitis is associated with defects in the complement system or, rarely, with agammaglobulinemia or selective IgM deficiency (Ersoy et al 1990; Goldstein et al 2008). In recurrent bacterial meningitis, identification of the infectious agent is straightforward, and the major task, after the episode of meningitis has been successfully treated, is to identify and, if possible, treat the anatomical or immunological defects that allow recurrent infections to occur
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Åñëè íåò îòÿãîùàþùèõ ìîìåíòîâ â àíàìíåçå (àëêîãîëèçì, íàðêîìàíèÿ, ×ÌÒ èïðî÷), òî ïðè÷èíà, ñêîðåå âñåãî - ïíåâìîêîêê. Îòñþäà è õîðîøàÿ ðåàêöèÿ íà öåôòðèàêñîí è õóäøàÿ - íà ìóòíûå äæåíåðèêè ìåðîïåíåìà. Âòîðîé âàðèàíò - ëèñòåðèè (íà íèõ ÏÖÐ íå äåëàëè?). Íî ñõåìû ëå÷åíèÿ ïðèíöèïèàëüíî íå îòëè÷àþòñÿ. Çèâîêñ òóò, ïî-ìîåìó, ëèøíèé, Ñýíôîðä ðåêîìåíäóåò ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè äîáàâëÿòü Âàíêîìèöèí (åñëè áîëüíîé íå ïîëó÷àåò ÃÊÑ).
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Öèòàòà:
×òî êàñàåòñÿ ëèíåçîëèäà, âûáðàí ñ ôàðìàêîêèíåòè÷åñêèõ ïîçèöèé è èç-çà âîçìîæíîñòè ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè ñòóïåí÷àòî ïåðåéòè íà ïåðîðàëüíóþ òåðàïèþ. Êðîìå òîãî, â êà÷åñòâå çèâîêñà óâåðåííîñòü åñòü, à â êà÷åñòâå ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûõ ó íàñ äæåíåðèêîâ âàíêîìèöèíà - íåò. |
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Öèòàòà:
Òàê ÷òî ïðè ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ïåðâîãî êóðñà öåôòðèàêñîíà è îòñóòñòâèè ïîäîçðåíèé íà MRSA ÿ áû íè Çèâîêñ íè âàíêîìèöèí ê òåðàïèè äîáàâëÿòü íå ñòàë. Íà êðàéíèé ñëó÷àé, åñëè óæ î÷åíü õî÷åòñÿ ðàñøèðèòü ñïåêòð, ìîæíî äîáàâèòü òðèìåòîïðèì/ñóëüôàìåòîêñàçîë (Áèñåïòîë) â/â. Íî ýòî óæå òàê, "ìûñëè âñëóõ", â ïëàíå äèñêóññèè. |
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à ïî÷åìó áû è íå ïíåâìîêîêê, åñëè îí íàèáîëåå ÷àñòûé âîçáóäèòåëü ìåíèíãèòà ãíîéíîãî.À òî, ÷òî ðåöåäèâèðóåò-òåîðåòè÷åñêè ïðè÷èíà ìîæåò áûòü ñâÿçàíà èëè ñ èììóíîñóïðåññèåé, èëè ñ àíàòîìè÷åñêèì íàðóøåíèåì, îáëåã÷àþùåì ïðîíèêíîâåíèå ìèêðîáà
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...âñå-òàêè íåïðåðûâíî-ðåöèäèâèðóþùèé (ïðàêòè÷åñêè áåç çíà÷èìûõ ñâåòëûõ ïðîìåæóòêîâ, êîòîðûå õàðàêòåðíû äëÿ ëèêâîðåè è äåôèöèòà òåðìèíàëüíûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ êîìïëåìåíòà) ñêîðåå âñåãî ñâÿçàí íå ïðîñòî ñ ïðîíèêíîâåíèåì ìèêðîáà, à ñ îïîðîæíåíèåì ãíîéíîãî ñîäåðæèìîãî.
Èç ëè÷íîãî îïûòà ÎÐÈÒÈÁ íåïðåðûâíî-ðåöèäèâèðóþùåãî òå÷åíèÿ âñïîìèíàåòñÿ äåñÿòîê ñëó÷àåâ îïîðîæíåíèÿ ìèêîðàáñöåññîâ ïîñëå ïåðåíåñåííîãî ïíåâìîêîêêîâîãî ìåíèíãîýíöåôàëèòà (íî ñëèøêîì ëåãêîå òå÷åíèå ïåðâè÷íîãî ýïèçîäà â äàííîì ñëó÷àå, íå ïîòðåáîâàâøåå íàõîæäåíèÿ ïàöèåíòà â ÎÐÈÒ), 5 ñëó÷àåâ ôðîíòîãåííîãî (à õîðîøî ëè áûëè âèçóàëèçèðîâàíû ëîáíûå ïàçóõè íà ÊÒ?, íå áûë ëè øàã ïîáîëåå ñàíòèìåòðà?), 4 ñëó÷àÿ ñîñöåâèäíûé è ïàðà ðåøåòîê. Âñå ñëó÷àè áûëè ïíåâìîêîêêîâûìè. |
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Íó òîëüêî ÏÖÐ íà ïíåâìîêîêê îòðèöàòåëüíàÿ áûëà, à òàê, êîíå÷íî, îí - ñàìûé âåðîÿòíûé. Äëÿ àáñöåññîâ äëèòåëüíîñòü ÀÁÒ - 14 ñóòîê è òî ïðè óñëîâèè àäåêâàòíîãî õèðóðãè÷åñêîãî äðåíèðîâàíèÿ.
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#14
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Íå ìîãó ïîíÿòü ñìûñëà ïîñåâîâ ìàçêà, êðîâè íà ìåíèíãîêîêê (äà è äðóãèõ) íà 3-4 äåíü ýôôåêòèâíîé àíòèáèîòèêîòåðàïèè, êàê è ïûòàíèÿ âèðóñîâ ïðè ÿâíîì ãíîéíîì ìåíèíãèòå, íî ïðè ýòîì ëèêâîð íå ñååòñÿ äî 1 ñåíòÿáðÿ. Ìîæåò áûòü èäåò êàêîå - òî ÊÈ?
Î÷àã âñå ðàâíî èñêàòü íóæíî, à ñ îïðåäåëåíèåì ôàìèëèè ìèêðîáà, âèäèìî, ïðèäåòñÿ ðàññòàòüñÿ (åñëè íå çàìîðîçèëè ñûâîðîòêó íà ñåðîëîãèþ â äèíàìèêå). È áûòü ãîòîâûì ê î÷åðåäíîìó ðåöèäèâó: òîãäà óæ ïî ïîëíîé ïðîãðàììå - è íà àýðîáû, è íà àíàýðîáû. |
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Öèòàòà:
Ñ âûâåäåíèåì îñíîâíîé ïàçóõè? Öèòàòà:
À ïî÷åìó ÷åðåç 10, à íå ÷åðåç 3 ñóòîê?
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Ñ óâàæåíèåì, Þñèô Àëõàçîâ. |