4- The answer is d.
Hypothermia has been shown to reduce cerebral injury from ischemia both in experimental models and in clinical studies in patients with traumatic brain injury. Hypothermia decreases cerebral metabolism, reduces acidosis, attenuates changes in the
blood-brain barrier, and inhibits the release of excitatory neurotransmitters that can be harmful. Corticosteroids, prophylactic hyperventilation, and prophylactic anticonvulsants have not been shown to be of benefit in the long-term prognosis of severely head-injured patients. Hyperthermia is detrimental to such patients.
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